国際人権NGOヒューマンライツ・ナウ（HRN）は、2016年9月13日から30日までジュネーブで開催されている第33会期国連人権理事会にて、「福島・原発事故後の被災者の人権状況」および「沖縄の米軍基地に反対する平和的抗議活動に対する抑圧および沖縄先住民族の権利の侵害」について口頭発言を行いました。
福島については、福島・原発事故の避難者に対する日本政府・東電の支援打ち切りによって、避難者がいまだに放射線量が高い地域に帰還せざるを得ない状況について指摘しました。その上で、HRNは、日本政府に対し、「健康に対する権利」に関する国連特別報告者アナンド・グローバー氏が勧告したとおり、避難区域の解除の基準を年間1ミリシーベルトにし、被災者の健康に対する支援を行うよう求めました。
沖縄については、沖縄県での米軍基地新施設の建設に反対する平和的抗議活動に対する日本政府の強制排除の状況について説明したほか、新施設建設が琉球/沖縄の先住民族 の権利に対する侵害という側面があることを指摘しました。その上で、HRNは、日本政府に対し、平和的抗議活動の抑圧をやめ、結社・集会の自由を保障することを要請したほか、米国政府および日本政府に対し、琉球／沖縄の人々の「伝統的な土地及び天然資源に関する権利」の保障を求めました。
英語の声明文は、こちらからダウンロードできます。
福島に関する声明：33rd-hrc-oral-statement-on-fukushima 【PDF】
沖縄に関する声明：33rd-hrc-oral-statement-on-okinawa 【PDF】
また、発言の様子はこちらからご覧いただけます。
福島の声明の発言の様子はこちらをクリック
沖縄の声明の発言の様子はこちらをクリック
また、HRNの沖縄の声明について、日本政府が同じセッション内で反論しましたので、その発言を書き起こしたものを紹介いたします。
日本政府の発言の書き起こし： 20160916-jpn-governments-response-in-general-debate 【PDF】
September 15, 2016
33rd Human Rights Council
Agenda item 3: Clustered Interactive Dialogue with the Working Group on use of mercenaries and the Special Rapporteur on hazardous substances and wastes
The Human Rights Situation of People Affected by the Fukushima Nuclear Accident
Thank you Mr./Ms. President,
Nearly 150,000 people from Fukushima Prefecture remain displaced by the 2011 nuclear accident, many still in temporary housing. The government announced it will lift evacuation orders for areas under 20 mSv/year by March 2017, without effectively consulting affected people. Compensation payments by TEPCO, the power company responsible for the accident, and the government’s housing support program will both end by March 2018.
This situation pressures evacuees to return to areas with exposures potentially up to 20 mSv/year, higher than the ICRP’s recommended limit of 1 mSv/year for public radiation exposure. Decontamination is not complete, and 6 million bags of contaminated soil remain in temporary sites concentrating radiation near residential areas.
The government has also not established free, periodic, and comprehensive health checks for all affected people, only youth thyroid exams. As of March 2016, 172 children in Fukushima were diagnosed or believed to have thyroid cancer, 57 of them newly diagnosed in the last survey.
Human Rights Now (HRN) calls on the government of Japan to implement the 2013 recommendations by Special Rapporteur Anand Grover to use a 1 mSv/year standard for lifting evacuation orders, and to provide necessary support to residents which evacuate, stay, or return to areas above that standard, and comprehensive and long-term health checkups for residents of such areas.
HRN also requests that the Human Rights Council monitor the human rights situation in Fukushima and that the Special Rapporteur, Baskut Tuncak, conduct an official visit to Japan.
Thank you for your attention.
September 16, 2016
33rd Human Rights Council
Agenda item 3: General debate (including on Report of WG on the right to development and on HC/OHCHR/SG thematic reports)
Statement on Okinawa
Thank you Mr./Ms. President,
Human Rights Now expresses grave concern over the ongoing human rights violations in Okinawa, Japan in the course of constructions of the US military facilities.
In Okinawa, southernmost part of Japan, there are 34 US military facilities covering 10% of its area. The United States and Japan plan to build another base in the seaside area of Henoko and six large helicopter landing pads in Takae, two of which have already been built, despite its abundant forest and wildlife.
Peaceful protests against the construction are currently occurring in surrounding neighbourhoods.
The government of Japan has dispatched riot police and violently removed both protesters and journalists with excessive uses of force. Currently500 to 700 riot police currently surround Takae, with a population of about 160 and continue forcibly removing protesters and journalists.
The excessive use of force constitutes grave violations of the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and the right to press.
The government actions in Henoko and Takae also constitues a violation of the rights of Ryukyu/Okinawa’s indigenous people. The constructions will cause devastating impact to the environment of the surrounding lands and oceans, and lives of the indigenous people.
However, the government violently enforces the construction without free prior, informed consent of the indigenous populations.
We calls on the Japanese government to immediately cease excessive use of force of protesters and journalist in Okinawa and ensure their rights to assembly and expression.
We call on the United States and Japanese government to respect indigenous rights of Ryukyu/Okinawa people and their rights to traditional land and natural resources.
We urge US and Japanese governments to solve the problem in accordance with the Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, particularly article 19’s principle of free, prior and informed consent.
Thank you.
Transcription of the Japanese government remarks regarding Human Rights Now’s oral statement on Okinawa
Thank you, Mr. President.
A statement was made that may cause misunderstanding regarding the government of Japan’s measures. For a more accurate understanding of the situation, I would like to make a brief explanation.
The construction works at Henoko and Takae of Okinawa are measures by the government of Japan for the mitigation of impact on Okinawa. The construction of the Futenma replacement facility has been carried out based on the land field permit given by the then governor of Okinawa. And with the regards to the return of the Northern Training Area which is the purpose of the construction work at Takae, the government has received a request from the local governments for an early return of the land in order to develop the area.
Japan is the country ruled by law and thus the construction works are also being carried out in accordance with laws and regulations. The government of Japan fully guarantees freedom of expression. With regards to the construction works in Okinawa, the government does not impose any unjust restrictions on freedom of expression.
However, in the case that a person enters off limits area, obstructs traffic, or conduct actions that pose risk to themselves and/or others, the government has a will to continue to take appropriate measures in accordance with laws and regulations.
Thank you very much.
